双语•智库 | 又超越美国 中国将在这方面领跑全球

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China on track to lead in renewables as US retreats, report says

报告：中国将取代美国成为世界可再生能源领头羊

China is moving towards becoming a global leader in renewable technology as the US pulls away, a new report has said.

一份最新报告显示，随着美国在全球可再生能源技术领域的发展放缓，中国将成为全球可再生能源技术的领跑者。

China is the world’s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases and still invests in coal but in recent years it has become the largest investor in domestic renewable energy. The country is now on track to lead international investment in the sector, according to the report by the Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis (IEEFA).

据美国能源经济与金融分析研究所的一份报告显示，中国是世界上最大的温室气体排放国，并且仍在使用煤炭，但近年来，中国已成为对国内可再生能源投资最多的国家，并将逐步在国际可再生能源投资中占据主导地位。

“As the global transition toward renewables gains pace and as battery storage and electric vehicles technologies pick up momentum, China is setting itself up to dominate these sectors globally over the next several decades of this century,” said IEEFA.

“随着全球能源结构向可再生能源的转型步伐加快以及电池蓄能和电动汽车技术的兴起，中国正致力于在21世纪未来几十年，成为这些领域的国际领头羊。” 能源经济与金融分析研究所表示。

IEEFA identified a record high spend of more than US$44bn by China on international takeovers and projects worth more than $1bn – a 38% year-on-year growth.

同时，报告称，中国在国际并购的支出总额逾440亿美元（约合人民币2830亿元），项目总金额超过10亿美元（约合人民币64亿元），较去年同期增长38%。

China’s Belt and Road initiative, which drives infrastructure investment along ancient trade routes, is leading the country’s growth. $8bn of solar equipment has been exported from China since it began, and the country has overtaken the US and Germany to become the number one exporter of environmental goods and services.

中国的“一带一路”倡议推动了古代商路沿线国家的基础设施投资，并带动了中国的发展。自倡议提出以来，中国对外太阳能设备出口达80亿美元（约合人民币515亿元），已超越美国和德国成为全球第一大环境产品与服务出口国。

“China’s presence in wind power globally is also on the rise, led by international activities of companies such as Goldwind and by China Three Gorges’ diversification away from hydroelectricity,” the report said.

报告指出：“中国在国际风能领域的地位也在不断上升。中国金风科技等公司开展国际业务，中国长江三峡集团探索多元发电，摆脱单一水力发电。”

The trajectory is in stark contrast to that of the US, which last year pulled out of the Paris climate accord and has renewed its support for the coal industry. The decision to abandon the Paris agreement “led to China’s quick reaffirmation of its emissions-reduction pledge”, the report said.

而美国的发展则截然不同。2017年美国宣布退出《巴黎气候协定》，转向重新支持煤炭产业。退出《巴黎协定》的决定“促使中国做出快速反应，重申其减排承诺”，报告称。

“That allows it to further project itself globally as a responsible major power while addressing its domestic air pollution concerns and building world-leading capacity in new energy markets.”

“这使得中国能够在解决本国空气污染问题、在新能源市场构建世界领先能力的同时，向世界进一步展示自己是一个负责任的大国。”

As part of its Paris commitments, China pledged to peak its emissions by 2030 while making best efforts to peak earlier. It would also increase the share of renewable or nuclear energy sources to 20%.

作为巴黎承诺的一部分，中国提出将于2030年左右使二氧化碳排放达到峰值并争取尽早实现。同时，中国还将提高可再生能源与核能比重至20%。

Co-author of the report and director of IEEFA, Tim Buckley, said China was setting itself up as a global technology leader “whilst the US government looks the other way”.

报告合著者能源经济与金融分析研究所主任蒂姆•巴克利表示，中国在努力将自己打造成全球技术领袖，“而美国政府却反向而行”。

“Although China isn’t necessarily intending to fill the climate leadership void left by the US withdrawal from Paris, it will certainly be very comfortable providing technology leadership and financial capacity so as to dominate fast-growing sectors such as solar energy, electric vehicles and batteries.”

“虽然中国不一定打算填补因美国退出《巴黎协定》而空缺的气候领导者的位置，但其在展现技术领导力与财力方面必然更加自如，进而主导一些目前快速发展的行业，如太阳能、电动汽车和电池产业等。”

The report noted the August 2017 merger of China’s top coal mining company, Shenhua Group Corp, with one of the “big five” power utilities, China Guodian Corp.

该报告特别指出，中国最大的煤炭企业神华集团于2017年8月与“五大”电力巨头之一的中国国电集团合并。

The newly named China Energy Investment Corp created the world’s largest power generator, and with the clean-energy assets of Guodian, Shenhua’s growth was no longer dependent on the pursuit of coal.

新公司名为国家能源投资集团有限责任公司，成为世界最大的发电企业。国电的清洁能源资产意味着神华的发展将不再依赖煤炭。

The report also found China was “outmanoeuvring other economies” in securing energy commodity supplies such as lithium, nickel and cobalt, allowing them to dominate manufacturing of batteries and electric vehicles.

该报告还发现，中国在确保锂、镍、钴等能源大宗商品的供应方面“胜过其他经济体”，使其在电池和电动汽车制造方面占据统治地位。

On Monday, the US federal energy regulatory commission rejected a plan by the Donald Trump-led US administration to provide subsidies for coal-fired and nuclear power plants.

1月8日，美国联邦能源监管委员会否决了特朗普政府的一份草案，该草案计划向燃煤发电与核电站提供资金补贴。

Last year the energy secretary, Rick Perry, proposed moves to slow the phasing out of the ageing plants and Trump vowed to repeal Obama-era environmental regulations in a bid to end a so-called “war on coal”.

去年，能源部长里克•佩里提出了减缓老化电厂淘汰的措施。同时特朗普承诺要废除奥巴马时代的环境法规，以结束所谓的“煤炭战争”。

However, independent analysis found the subsidies plan would cost taxpayers $10.6bn a year, and the commission on Monday said there was no evidence that retiring coal-fired power plants threatened the reliability of the nation’s electricity grid.

然而，独立分析人士认为，补贴计划每年将耗费106亿美元（约合人民币682亿元）的税收。该委员会在8日表示，没有证据表明淘汰燃煤电厂会对美国电网的可靠性构成威胁。

注：英文来自专业英文资讯网站

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